The mysterious Moire'- pattern-based electronic properties

Plenty of attention has been diverted to studying the bilayer graphene and hybrid structures consisting of patched mono-bi-layer graphene. A very fundamental problem in bi-layer graphene is how the electronic properties depend on the twisted angle. Theoretical study has been challenging. An interesting review in Nature on a recent PRL paper[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v474/n7352/full/474453a.html?WT.ec_id=NATURE-20110623#/references]:

In their study, Luican et al.⁴ find that, at small rotation angles, the local density of electronic states develops a dependence on position within the moiré-pattern unit cell and no longer exhibits the Dirac-like, decoupled-layer, Landau-level pattern. Layer coupling becomes strong in this sense for rotation angles less than about 2°, corresponding to moiré-pattern periods longer than about 10 nanometres. Here it is tempting to conjecture — from the spatial dependence of the density of electronic states — that bilayer wavefunctions have become localized, so that an STM measurement at one position reflects the stacking arrangement only at that position.
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The extraordinary sensitivity of the electronic properties of few-layer graphene systems to the relative orientations of their layers could prove useful in various applications, for example in ultra-sensitive strain gauges, pressure sensors or ultra-thin capacitors. Further progress requires an improved understanding of both large and small rotation-angle limits, and also improved experimental control of rotation angles.