It is usually thought that, specific heat of a thermodynamic system is positive, that is, energy must be invested to heat the system. How, these authors demonstrated that[1], such a common sense shall be violated if the system does not obey Boltzman statistics or goes out of equilibrium in the presence of long range interactions. They have considered a particular example to illustrate the statement.
[1]PRL 105, 010601 (2010)
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