Sulci is a deep furrow on the surface of soft materials under pressure. It features a catching curvature that nearly breaks the smoothness. These furrows are often seen, examples including the arms of an infant. An interesting question is, how does a sulci develop when applying a compression ? According to this study, the nonlinear response is held liable, "Now, in a paper appearing in Physical Review Letters, Evan Hohlfeld from Harvard University and Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory and L. Mahadevan from Harvard University have proposed that the formation of a sulcus is controlled by a new type of instability dominated by nonlinearities in the elastic energy [7]. Their case is bolstered both by detailed numerics and by experiments.
Moreover, they suggest that similar nonlinear instabilities may be lurking behind the formation of many other singular structures found in materials."[physics, 4:19(2011)]
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